When I was small, my everyday routine was always confined in my mother’s idea of “keep right.” Whenever my mom would fetch me from school, we always rode the jeepney. Upon stepping into the jeepney, she would carry me until my feet reached the floor, and then the other passengers would hold my arm and guide me inside. My mom would follow me after she’s done folding her umbrella. I would usually search for bigger space for my mom, and if there is not enough space for the both of us, I would just sit on her lap.
She always wanted us to sit at the right side, because for her (and so with other people) it is safer there. Which I believed because I was always her follower. But not when I stepped into college. There were so many instances in my life that has led me to question her ideologies.
Last September, me and my girlfriend rode a jeepney together. It was almost ten (10 pm). The jeepney we were riding unloaded a passenger in an unlighted street in Boulevard. The place was dim, and there were no other people there but just a few tricycle drivers. After a passenger got off, our jeepney started to move again, but still quite slowly – maybe the driver was trying not to miss some of the potential passengers lining up the sidewalks.
Suddenly, something splashed through the window from the outside and it managed to break the silence inside the jeepney. When we looked outside, there were a bunch of kids of about 7 to 9 years old, were scampering towards varying directions, looking like a disturbed flock of birds. The driver quickly stepped on the gas and left the place. A middle aged woman was wet on her nape and back. She was disgusted. There was a cellophane beside her. She smelled the liquid that wet her neck, and came into a conclusion that it was urine that was thrown at her by the rowdy boys. There suffused a pungent smell all over the jeepney! Passengers exchanged comments about those kids, but all were terrified. The middle aged woman was infuriated that left her almost in tears.
The thing was, she sat on the right side of the jeepney.
We all know that the right side is also the sidewalk. Nobody can tell what people in the street can do to passengers sitting helplessly inside the jeepney.
Now, everytime I ride a jeepney I disobey my mom, and sit at the left side, for (I believe) it is much safer there.
Discussion:
Unlike any other theories like formalism, reader-response criticism approaches literature in a different manner in that it places much emphasis on the readers in giving a literary work meaning and experience. This lies in the belief that a work does not have a life of its own, but it is through a reader’s interpretation of the text that its “real existence” is imparted. In the case of the memoir about the jeepney above, the piece takes its root on the “jeepney”. For us Filipinos, the jeepney is more than just a public utility vehicle, but rather, it has come to signify the Filipino way of life. This incident, as cited in the essay above, strikes most of its readers (who are, themselves, riding the jeepney on an everyday basis). And it manifests the idea that literature exists only when it is read, and the reader is the one that gives meaning and value into the text. And the same also goes with the idea that the value of a particular text (like this one) is not fixed, but varies from reader to reader.